Abstract
This chapter focuses on spherical neutron polarimetry. Polarization analysis usually implies an experiment in which an initially polarized beam is scattered by a sample and the polarization of the scattered beam is measured. The direction of the incident polarization is determined by the polarizer. The behavior of a neutron with spin and gyromagnetic ratio inclined at an angle to a uniform magnetic field can be represented, classically, as the precession of a magnetic dipole about the field direction. The precession frequency is given by the Larmor equation and the angle of precession of a neutron of wavelength depends upon the path integral of the neutron in the magnetic field. In the classical polarization analysis, all the magnetic fields are parallel to a single direction, which is usually vertical, and the neutrons are polarized and analyzed with respect to this direction. A simple case is one in which the only interaction to be considered is a dipole–dipole one between the neutron's spin and a vector field. It is found that scattered intensity depends on the incident polarization direction and for this reason, polarization can be created in the scattering process. The tensor representation of the scattered polarization is also elaborated.
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