Abstract
Sleep is a vital aspect of human life. Although adolescents spend one-third to one-half of their life sleeping, sleep disorders are often overlooked by primary care providers. It is estimated that sleep disorders in adolescents are highly prevalent, with prevalence rates ranging from 25% to 40%. In addition, adolescent sleep disorders are more common in those with other medical, psychiatric, and neurological disorders. The assessment of sleep disorders in adolescents is performed by subjective and, when needed, objective tools. Subjective assessment relies on sleep history, sleep diaries, and sleep questionnaires. Objective tools such as polysomnography, actigraphy, and multiple sleep latency and multiple wakefulness tests are used to diagnose specific sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and hypersomnolence. This chapter covers the most common sleep disorders in adolescents and screening tools that could be used by primary care providers to screen adolescents for sleep disorders, as well as an overview of the objective studies that are commonly used by sleep medicine specialists to diagnose specific sleep disorders.
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