Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is important for plant nutrition and has shaped the evolution and success of land plants throughout their evolution. Our understanding on the dynamics of colonization, as well as the signal transduction cascades that underpin the establishment, maintenance, and termination of this mutually beneficial symbiosis has been increasingly elucidated over decades of research. Recent work has revealed that the core signaling machinery for microbial accommodation is further regulated by signaling hubs that fine-tune the levels of symbiosis signaling. This book chapter reviews our knowledge on both the core microbial accommodation pathway of the symbiosis and the modes of regulation. We then finally explore how these regulatory layers might have been recruited in plant evolution. Understanding the signaling circuitry of symbiosis regulation helps pave the way for strategies for sustainable ways to enhance crop nutrition.
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