Chapter 5 - Metal–organic frameworks and MOF-derived materials for electrochemical CO2 reduction

Abstract

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide leads to the formation of valued chemicals; hence, it holds great potential in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration and can also be considered as the most feasible solution to the quest for sustainable energy resources. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), because of their large surface area, high porosity, easily tunable morphology, and atomically dispersed active sites, are preferred as an electrocatalyst for the reduction of CO2. In order to boost their catalytic activity, conductivity and number and types of active centers of MOFs can be varied by tuning their structure or by making their hybrids with other materials. MOFs also can be used as precursors for the formation of extraordinarily efficient carbon-based single-atom catalysts. This chapter briefly reviews the catalytic behavior of pristine MOFs, their hybrids, and carbon-based single-atom catalysts derived from MOFs for the electroreduction of CO2. Also, challenges and potential directions for improvement are highlighted.