Abstract
Commercializing various types of engineered nanomaterials for a range of applications, including industrial, consumer, medical, and diagnostic, clearly presents a challenge for companies and regulators to ensure the development of safe and effective products for consumers. With regard to a general testing approach for human health hazard evaluation of nanoparticles (NPs), a first step to determine potency may include a prioritization-related in vitro screening strategy to assess the possible reactivity, biomarkers of inflammation and cellular uptake of NPs; however, this process should be validated using in vivo techniques. Of the possible hazards, inhalation exposure appears to present the most concern showing pulmonary effects such as inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenicity for some NMs. Skin contact and ingestion exposure, and dust explosion hazards, are also a concern. This chapter briefly describes testing strategies and assessments of potential hazards associated with health risk assessments.
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