Abstract
This chapter evolves the idea for a geomagnetic lensing of trapped of quasitrapped charged particles (on the part of their trajectories closest to the Earth's surface) in some regions around the world. The ‘preferred’ region for charged particles precipitation is specified by a high cross-longitudinal geomagnetic gradient in regions of geomagnetic strengthening. Unlike the widely held opinion that particles intensity near the Earth's surface is controlled mainly by the latitudinally dependent magnetic rigidity, we focus readers’ attention on the fact that longitudinal variation of the geomagnetic field could also modify the intensity of particles reaching the lower stratosphere and troposphere. To make this idea easily understandable, we start the chapter with brief information about the type and origin of particles entering Earth's atmosphere, and about factors determining their variability and the basic equations describing their motion in the geomagnetic field. Finally, we present evidence confirming the uneven distribution over the globe of a secondary ionization (created by the highly energetic particles in the lower atmosphere).
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