Abstract
This chapter discusses fiber-optic sensors that provide excellent examples of various fiber-optic measurement techniques and applications. Discrete and distributed fiber sensors are discussed in this chapter for various applications. Both linear and nonlinear optical properties of optical fibers can be used as sensing mechanisms. This chapter also discusses femtosecond fiber lasers that have emerged as useful components to generate optical frequency combs and provide power tools for precision optical metrology, spectroscopy, and microscopy. Wavelength switchable nonlinear spectroscopy and microscopy based on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) enabled by soliton self-frequency shift in a nonlinear fiber is presented in the last section of this chapter.
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