Abstract
The ever-increasing availability of genome sequences completes the scientific circle of information and understanding. We can now gain a deeper understanding of the evolutionary relationship of gene families using molecular phylogenetic tools. In this chapter, the evolutionary analysis of plant Ca2+ transporters is reviewed. The plant Ca2+ transporters are classified into three distinct groups of transporters: Ca2+-ATPases (pumps), calcium/cation antiporter (exchanger), and Ca2+ influx channels. These families are described in terms of their members distributed across the Viridiplantae, animal, and fungi. When and where the possible duplication occurred in the gene family and its role in evolution is discussed. The phylogeny of each family is discussed, highlighting the evolutionary divergence that occurred during the transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. Mostly, the gene duplication events occurred at different stages of evolution of a gene family are responsible for diversity and gene family expansion.
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