Abstract

Climate variability and anthropogenic actions pose significant threats to global rangelands, covering 54% of the Earth’s surface. This chapter explores the impact of climate change on rangeland productivity, emphasizing the need for effective monitoring and management strategies. Remote sensing technology, particularly satellite sensors, has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing and monitoring rangeland productivity in response to climate variability. The integration of multisource datasets and the use of operational decision support systems contribute to precision modeling and projection of climate variability on rangelands. Advancements in remote sensing applications and analysis, such as contemporary shallow and deep machine learning algorithms, have further enhanced the monitoring of rangeland productivity. Overall, this chapter provides an overview of the effects of climate variability on rangeland productivity, emphasizing the role of remote sensing in mapping, assessing, and monitoring rangelands while also highlighting the challenges for future exploration in this field.

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