Abstract

The activities of the oil and gas industry have major effects on the ecology, economics, politics, and sociocultural environments of this country. Prior to the discovery of crude oil in Nigeria, the inhabitants of the Niger Delta were mostly farmers and fisherfolks. Crude oil exploration has resulted in economic development, but our environment has also paid dearly for it. The waters in the Niger Delta are no longer fit for human consumption, wildlife is under continuous threat of extinction, but oil exploration cannot be halted because it accounts for approximately 90% of Nigeria’s foreign exchange earnings. Government, oil companies, Niger Delta indigenes, and other stakeholders must come together to develop mechanisms for sustainable exploration of oil and gas in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.

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