Abstract
The nanocellulose fibril is the major load-bearing component in the wood cell wall. It is readily disintegrated from wood pulp, and of great interest as a component in new materials. It can be used to form 100% cellulose nanofiber (CNF) nanopaper films or polymer matrix nanocomposite films of high cellulose content, where the CNF network controls most physical properties. Here, the uniaxial tensile properties of CNF nanopaper and composite films are discussed, together with the deformation mechanisms. The CNF network and most types of nanocomposite films are prepared by a scalable filtration process akin to paper-making. The effects of intrinsic CNF properties, degree of CNF dispersion, CNF–CNF adhesion, CNF-polymer matrix interaction, CNF orientation, and humidity are also discussed.
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