Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries have dominated the battery industry for the past several years in portable electronic devices due to their high volumetric and gravimetric energy densities. The success of these batteries in small-scale applications translates to large-scale applications, with an important impact in the future on the environment by improving energy efficiency and reduction of pollution. In this chapter, we present the progress that allows several lithium intercalation compounds to become the active cathode element of a new generation of Li-ion batteries, namely, the materials with a polyanion-based structure Mx(XO4)y (M is a transition metal cation and X=P, S), which are promising to improve the technology of energy storage and electric transportation, and address the replacement of gasoline engine by meeting the increasing demand for green energy power sources. The electrode materials considered here are fluorine-containing compounds including fluorophosphates LiMPO4F (M=V, Fe, T), Li2M’PO4F (M=Fe, Co, Ni), hybrid ion LixNa1−xVPO4F, and fluorosulfates LiMSO4F; M=Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, Mg). The electrochemical performance of these materials as the active cathode element of Li-ion batteries is also discussed.

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