Abstract
Various carbon materials can be prepared by defluorination of fluorocarbon materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with alkali metals or alkali cation–naphthalene anion radical complexes. The pore structure of the PTFE-based porous carbons prepared by defluorination without any traditional activation processes is mesoporous/microporous depending on the defluorination conditions. The PTFE-based porous carbons show a high capacitance and rate performance as an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) electrode compared to conventional activated carbons due to the presence of mesopores that cancel the ion-sieving effect and accelerate the electrolyte ion transfer in the pores. A nitrogen-containing fluorocarbon or graphite fluoride can be defluorinated as well as PTFE to provide nitrogen-doped porous carbons or a lamellar carbon material with high capacitance, respectively. Thus, the defluorination technique is promising for realizing a high-performance carbon electrode for the EDLC.
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