Abstract
Electrophoresis is one of the most popular methods for separation, identification, and purification of protein and nucleic acid samples. There have been lots of improvements and modifications of electrophoretic technique ever since the pioneering work on moving boundary electrophoresis by Arne Tiselius in 1937. The initial techniques of paper, cellulose acetate membrane, and starch gel electrophoresis were later replaced by advanced techniques like polyacrylamide and agarose gel electrophoresis, gradient gel electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, and two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. Both qualitative and quantitative protein expressions can be analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis. Separation of biomolecules by 2D gel electrophoresis followed by their identification with mass spectrometry has facilitated in-depth study of many biological processes as well as developing biomarkers of different diseases. In this chapter, an overview of different electrophoretic techniques in practice has been attempted along with their applications in diverse fields.
Published Version
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