Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD), a waste from mining sites is highly acidic, rich source of sulfate and heavy metals. Conventional technologies for treatment of AMD include various physicochemical methods, which involve excessive use of chemicals and capital. Biological treatment has emerged as efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative for remediation of AMD. Most of these methods are passive remediation processes that involve use of microbes such as bacteria and fungi. Bioreactors and wetlands designed with microbial attachments aid in abatement of AMD by facilitating reduction of metals, sulfates, and generating alkalinity. Biotechnological approaches can prove an asset in developing techniques that can treat waste such as AMD in an effective way without affecting the environmental sustainability.
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