Abstract
Microvascular and Macrovascular complications are associated with diabetes mellitus that is expanding all across the world. Defects in insulin secretion or resistance cause uncontrolled hyperglycemia, which causes a number of consequences including retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular disorders, foot infections that lead to augment morbidity and mortality. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are strongly involved and play a critical part in emergence and advancement of diabetes complications, according to an enormous figure of research. As a result of constant exposure to various stimuli, the body produces reactive species known as free radicals (ROS/RNS), which oxidize cellular components through the transfer of their free unpaired electrons. Imbalances between reactive species and antioxidants result in “oxidative stress,” a situation that leads to the emergence of pathological conditions, one of which is diabetes mellitus. This chapter's main goal is to briefly summarize the fundamentals of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and aims to enhance understanding link between oxidative stress and DM.
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