Abstract
From the last century where world has gotten the ease of living due to the globalization and industrial revolution, these have given the global population, a nuisance, pollution. Many factors have contributed to the increased pollution and its adverse effects on planet Earth, for instance, uncontrolled anthropogenic activities, unwise use of petroleum products, emission and poor waste managements of industrial waste, release of toxic organic by-products, increased use of pesticides, insecticides, and fertilizers. Hydrocarbons or organic compounds are known to be the potential carcinogens and toxins for almost all forms of life. Many strategies have been proposed and implemented to degrade the organic pollutants and proper disposal of industrial waste, but some of them either are not applicable or have failed to generate the desired results. From the last few decades, researches are interested to find a biological way of degrading the complex organic pollutants, which is also known as bioremediation. Many species of microbes have been isolated from the polluted indigenous areas that are proven to degrade the toxic, complex organic compounds that can be used in practical biodegradation of contaminated areas, that is, soil and water at large scale. This chapter comprises the important aspects of isolating effective microbial indigenous species, involvement of factors, that is, distribution of pollutants in soil matrix; physiological parameters affecting efficacy of biodegradation; improvement of the inherent property of microbes to biodegrade highly complex pollutants, for example, hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds; effects of inhibitors on biodegradation of organic contaminants; implementation of the biodegrading microbial flora in different environment, and success on complete mineralization of organic pollutants.
Published Version
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