Abstract
Blood loss resulting from vascular injury is mitigated by hemostasis, separated into primary (platelet-based) and secondary (coagulation cascade-based). The coagulation cascade is comprised of intrinsic, extrinsic, and common pathways made up of various factors that act in tandem to prevent hemorrhage. The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measures activity in the intrinsic cascade, while prothrombin time (PT) measures the extrinsic cascade. Abnormalities in these coagulation studies can be traced back to the cascade factors themselves, including factor deficiencies or inhibitors; mixing studies can confirm the etiology of the abnormal coagulation study.
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