Abstract
Depletion in global fossil fuels has triggered the need for blending of biofuel to these sources, of which biodiesel and bioethanol are major contributors. Various technological interventions are being employed for enhancing biofuel production via use of microbial systems. Biofuel possesses numerous benefits in terms of productivity, renewability, low CO2 emission, and energy security, working in parallel with United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. High-throughput techniques have been involved in the exploitation of the potential substrates including agricultural residues, wastewater, etc. for the production of value-added components. Microbial systems are being extensively studied for the production of bioethanol and biodiesel, through native production pathway or recombinant products. Customized pretreatment process, with compositional, image and crystallinity analysis with novel strategies for product enhancement through recombinant microbes through technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, is of great significance. This chapter presents detailed account of varied technological interventions in the production of bioethanol and biodiesel, through potential microbial systems with elaborated note on pretreatment processes.
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