Abstract
Globally, biomass resources are gaining attention due to the rapid depletion and imminent danger of the complete exhaustion of fossil fuels. Therefore biorefineries, the equivalent of petroleum refineries, for the generation of transportation fuel and other chemicals are being set up, and technologies for their upgradation are being developed. However, it is necessary to clearly understand the fundamental differences between petroleum refineries and biorefineries. This chapter presents an overview of comparisons between petroleum refinery and biorefinery. It provides information about feedstock availability, which is one of the important and foremost fundamental differences between the two refinery types. Moreover, there are various biorefinery platforms: these platforms can produce a variety of products, including biofuels, chemicals, and other value-added products. This chapter seeks to expound the range of products of biorefinery, its nature, and the extent of environmental pollution along with the sustainability of bio-based products.
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