Abstract
Nonfood biomass through biorefineries offers an alternative to fossil-based feedstocks for platform chemicals, which are sources for the production of energy, materials, and chemicals. The traditional process for the production of these sources relies on nonrenewable petroleum-based feedstock and has negative environmental impacts. C5 chemicals are the biomass-derived platform chemicals, having a high transformation potential into industrially important bio-chemicals such as biofuels, organic acids, amino acids, sugar alcohols, and biopolymers. The feasibility of production of C5 chemicals by a microbial process has been achieved by metabolic engineering. This chapter introduces essential concepts on the optimization of the metabolic capacities of microorganisms for more bulk and/or fine chemical production. Furthermore, metabolic engineering of different microorganisms and the strategies for strain improvements for enhanced biochemical production will be discussed.
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