Abstract
This chapter addresses process energy balances, compression of gases, recovery of process waste heat and the pinch design method for design of heat exchanger networks. Methods for calculating steady state and non-steady state energy balances for reacting and non-reacting systems are introduced. Calculation of enthalpy of mixing, enthalpy of reaction, specific heat capacity, heats of solution, heats of formation and heats of combustion are described, along with methods to correct enthalpies to the temperature and pressure of interest. Methods for calculating the work required or produced in isentropic and polytropic compression and expansion of gases are given. Methods for recovering waste heat from high temperature streams and mechanical work from high pressure streams are described, including waste-heat boilers, incinerators, heat pumps and heat-exchange networks. The pinch design method for heat-exchanger networks is introduced, including the thermodynamic significance of the pinch, the use of composite curves and problem tables, and the design of heat-exchanger networks to optimize process heat recovery.
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