Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter deals with various types of liquid fuels and the relevant chemical and physical properties of these fuels as a means of comparison to the fuels of the future. It gives an overview of the manufacture and properties of the common fuels as well as a description of various biofuels. A fuel mixture usually contains a wide range of organic compounds (usually hydrocarbons). The specific mixture of hydrocarbons gives a fuel its characteristic properties, such as boiling point, melting point, density, viscosity, and a host of other properties. Depending on the application (stationary, central power, remote, auxiliary, transportation, military, etc.), there are a wide range of conventional fuels, such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, light distillates, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, diesel, and biodiesel, that could be used in reforming processes to produce hydrogen (or hydrogen-rich synthesis gas) to power fuel cells. Fossils fuels include gaseous fuels, gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, and jet fuels. Gaseous fuels include natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. Types of gasoline include automotive gasoline, aviation gasoline, and gasohol. Some additives added into gasoline are antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-icing, dyes and markers, drag reducers, and oxygenates.
Published Version
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