Abstract
Mechanical stimuli are key regulators in the development, maintenance, and repair of many tissues, and cellular and tissue-level remodeling are coupled to provide sensitive and adaptive control of properties and function. Growing knowledge of the role of physical stress in tissue growth and remodeling is providing new insight into the engineering of such mechanosensitive tissues. This chapter presents four steps to approaching a tissue-engineering problem from a mechanical perspective: (1) describe the native mechanical environment quantitatively, (2) understand the role of mechanical factors in the tissue of interest, (3) manipulate mechanical conditions to enhance function or regeneration, and (4) evaluate the degree of functional restoration of the engineered tissue quantitatively. An overview is presented of the tools and concepts required in each step, with specific examples taken from the bone, cartilage, and blood vessel tissue engineering literature.
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