Abstract
Multiple endocrine feedback systems are impacted by injury or critical illness. Often, these systems are a necessary component of the stress response, allowing the body to compensate for the inciting event and providing the metabolic and cardiovascular support necessary for survival. However, these responses can also be detrimental when they are insufficient or, conversely, insufficiently regulated, and can contribute to worsening illness. This chapter outlines several of the normal neuroendocrine responses to injury and critical illness, explores what is known about the role of the neuroendocrine system in chronic critical illness, and briefly explores several conditions that can result from insufficient or inappropriate neuroendocrine system feedback loops during critical illness.
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