Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare, but serious and potentially life-threatening hyperinflammatory complication of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It typically occurs 2–6weeks after primary infection, which is often mild or asymptomatic. The main symptoms are fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, variable rash, conjunctivitis, mucous membrane, and heart involvement. The differential diagnosis is very broad and includes many other causes of fever such as Kawasaki disease, acute COVID-19, bacterial sepsis, staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, and gastrointestinal infections. Treatment of MIS-C requires a multidisciplinary approach and early immunomodulatory treatment to stop the hyperinflammatory response. Patients receive high doses of intravenous immune globulins and systemic glucocorticoids. Biologic drugs directed against IL-1 or IL-6 are required in patients with refractory or more severe diseases. With immediate treatment, the prognosis is generally good and cardiac function usually returns to normal.
Published Version
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