Abstract
Cisplatin and carboplatin are the most commonly used cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents to treat cancer. These agents, usually combined with drugs, such as gemcitabine or pemetrexed, induce objective tumor responses in only a proportion of patients. Unfortunately, many tumors either have intrinsic resistance or will eventually develop resistance to such chemotherapies. In this revised chapter, we will discuss the evidence that links epigenetics and the cells’ epigenetic regulatory machinery with sensitivity or insensitivity to platinum using ovarian cancer and nonsmall-cell lung cancer as example cancers (albeit with some exceptions for other cancer types). This chapter further discusses the current clinical evidence pertaining to how epigenetic targeting therapies may have a role in the way cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens are managed in the future for cancer care.
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