Abstract
Abstract The redox flow battery (RFB) is considered to be a promising large-scale energy storage technology owing to its unique advantages, such as long lifetime, simple structure, decoupled power and energy, and so on. Some mature RFB systems such as all-vanadium RFBs have been commercialized. However, their inherent drawback of relatively low energy density needs to be addressed. To further improve their performance and efficiency, many novel RFB systems have been developed. In this chapter, the basis of RFBs, including the working principle, configuration, and important parameters to evaluate the performance of the battery, is briefly introduced. The properties and performance of conventional aqueous and nonaqueous RFBs are discussed in detail. Two types of new flow battery systems in terms of semisolid and redox-targeting RFBs are then introduced. Finally, the properties of two important components of RFBs, membranes and electrodes, are also discussed.
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