Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and lethal primary form of brain tumor, marked by a profound heterogeneity and adaptability, driving to chemo- and radioresistance in conventional therapies and recurrence. Over the last years, the dysregulation of several long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts (>200 nucleotides) in GB cells and patients has been implicated in GB development. Cytoplasmatic and nuclear lncRNAs are gene regulators at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, through different mechanisms, with miRNA sponging standing out. Apart from the tumorigenic regulation (cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis), some lncRNAs increase tumor aggressiveness via epithelial to mesenchymal transitions, chemo-, radioresistance, and angiogenesis of cancer-related endothelial cells. In fact, lncRNA expression generally correlates with clinical parameters, such as patient survival and prognosis, highlighting their potential as disease and prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, this represents an opportunity window for novel therapeutic targets, with the expectation of circumventing the limited efficacy of current anticancer approaches.
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