Abstract
A database is a computerized filing cabinet that electronically stores data that are defined and “filed” by users within the organization that maintains the database—usually referred to as the “enterprise.” A database system has both hardware and software components. Hardware is the physical storage medium for the data (hard disk and tape among others), and software is the medium through which the user accesses the physically stored data. This chapter introduces the basic concepts of the relational database model, which is the foundation of modern database-management systems. Early attempts at developing database systems were based on the hierarchical and network models. However, these have been largely displaced in industry by the relational model. The programming language of relational databases is Structured Query Language (SQL). The chapter demonstrates the use of SQL to give the reader some concept of how tables are related to each other in the relational design. The examples presented in the chapter are illustrated on Microsoft Access because of its wide availability on personal computers and its ease of use.
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