Abstract
This chapter aims to explain the principles of ultrafine grained and nanostructured bulk metal production processes developed during the past two decades. Various methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD) are used to produce bulk materials, sheets, and tubes. In this chapter, we will only refer to methods suitable for processing bulk-shaped specimens. Furthermore, we will consider the features of each procedure in detail. The techniques introduced in this chapter are all top-down approaches in which materials with fine or nanostructured grains are produced from coarse-grained materials by SPD.
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