Abstract
This chapter discusses polar capillary gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) of intact natural diacyl and triacylglycehols. The analyses of natural diacylglycerols and the diacylglycerol moieties of glycerophospholipids by GLC on polar capillary columns (cyanopropyl silicone liquid phase) presents an effective method for the separation, identification and quantitation of the component molecular species. The analysis of natural triacylglycerols on fused silica open tubular columns coated with a phenylmethylsilicone gum allows an extensive resolution of the component molecular species and provides a new perspective in the characterization of natural oils and fats. In both instances the acylylycerols are resolved according to carbon number and degree of unsaturation of the component fatty acids. Separations are achieved also within a carbon and a double bond number. These methods are not applicable to very highly unsaturated oils that suffer losses because of cracking and polymerization on the column wall at the elevated temperatures necessary for their GLC elution. The diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols containing nine or more double bonds per molecule appear to be handled best by reversed phase HPLC.
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