Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of technologies used in managing hazardous wastes. Technical alternatives in the management of hazardous wastes include volume reduction with disposal, detoxification, and resource recovery of materials or energy. Land disposal or burial is becoming less and less of an option for waste management because of environmental and regulatory constraints. Volume reduction reduces the magnitude of the problem. Detoxification prior to or during disposal makes the waste innocuous or environmentally adequate. Resource recovery is an attractive means of reducing hazardous material quantities as well as conserving materials. There are usually a range of treatment alternatives for various types of hazardous wastes, and their components depend upon physical and/or chemical properties. Treatment methods include biological treatments (such as activated sludge, trickling filter, aerated lagoon, enzyme treatment, waste stabilization ponds, anaerobic digestion, and composting), chemical precipitation and coagulation, and thermal treatment or incineration.
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