Abstract
Global warming triggered by human activities has become an indisputable fact and will exert profound and enormous impacts on the global ecosystem and socioeconomic system. This chapter gives an overview of climate change and comprehensively summarizes its impact on ecosystem, soil, water resource, and groundwater. The feedbacks of soil and groundwater environment to climate change are also discussed in this chapter. Enzymatic responses to global warming were investigated by performing a simulated incubation experiment. The results showed that some temperature thresholds exist which lead to sudden reductions in substrate affinity, decreasing temperature sensitivity and catalytic efficiency. This emphasizes the importance of including the temperature thresholds of strong changes in enzyme-based processes in the next generation of models. Further investigations on the relationships between climate change and enzyme activity were finally proposed.
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