Abstract
This chapter is intended as a primer on climate change basics. It provides a brief overview of climate system dynamics together with some discussion of observed changes in climate as reported, for example, by the IPCC. This chapter then examines weather events (e.g., rainfall, storms, hurricanes, droughts, blizzards and heat waves). These form one part of climate, and their intensity and frequency are of interest, leading to consideration of what may be considered as extreme weather events, which can lead to disruptions in transport operations (e.g., through weather-induced events such as floods and storm surges). The possible contributions of human activity over time to climate change and to the potential impacts of weather on transportation infrastructure are then introduced. Sea level rise is also considered, as a major factor affecting coastal and estuarine infrastructure. The importance of these phenomena for transportation network operations is also reviewed. The Representative Concentration Pathways approach to representing climate change scenarios is introduced to conclude this chapter.
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