Abstract
Humans created their civilization with the help of one or more forms of energy, which can be mechanical, thermal, etc. Energy in its various forms can be converted from one form to another, and one prime form of energy is electricity. It can be generated in several ways and can be used to power the millions of devices around us. In order to utilize electricity, it has to go through several stages: generation, transmission, and distribution. For many applications, electricity also needs to be stored. This chapter presents an introduction to energy storage systems with a focus on electrochemical batteries, their materials, and their recent developments. This includes batteries, their general basic structure, the materials and technologies used to develop state-of-the-art batteries, and their different types.
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