Abstract
This chapter presents many environmental problems that can occur as a result of the migration of gas. Methane gas can explode when 5% by volume is mixed with air. Natural gas can also kill plants when it saturates the soil. The chapter discusses some case studies on gas migration in the world. The case study of Los Angeles, California–Fairfax Area explained that the volume of free gas in the reservoir has increased as dissolved gas in the fluids was liberated when the fluid was produced in the reservoir and a portion of the reservoir was used to store this free gas. The reservoir dips steeply resulting in the fluids within the reservoir to migrate due to gravity, and consequently free gas is placed next to the fault zone and becomes available for migration. Due to water injection into various portions of the reservoir, large volumes of free gas gets displaced to the upper parts of the reservoir. Subsequently, the reservoir experiences vertical fracturing due to water flooding operations, when injection pressures exceed the fracturing pressure of the reservoir.
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