Chapter 14 - Progress in Developing a Forecasting System, Preferential Precursors, and Monitoring Network

Abstract

This chapter focuses on earthquake forecasting system, preferential systems, and monitoring network. An understanding of the dual nature (discrete and continuous) of the earth's crust evolved from discovering the predominant sizes of tectonic blocks and the laws of seismic wave propagation. Flickering stresses complement the concept of accumulated static stresses with a dynamic random component. It is necessary to measure the parameters that reflect the properties of crustal medium in the proximity of point of measurement, such as the rates of upward migration of various gases. The operation of these systems is being continually improved by the implementation of novel measurement techniques and telecommunication means, as the Global Positioning System. The pronounced changes in the rates of upward migration of gases (CO2, CH4, radon) in the vicinity of faults, fractured zones, and their concentrations can be used in conjunction with other earthquakes prediction techniques. To evaluate the spatial scope, the number of control points and the necessary frequency of observations, it is necessary to develop and implement an experimental gas migration rate monitoring system for already established seismic research stations. Systematic measurements of these parameters, together with other integral characteristics of the seismic state of a tectonic system of interest, can be used as a database for the earthquake forecasting system.