Abstract
The chapter explains how to maintain high availability of Active Directory services. It illustrates the Active Directory database, and explains the importance of system state data to Active Directory availability. It also discusses fault tolerance plans as well as Active Directory performance issues. The Active Directory service is based on a transactional database system. The term “transactional” refers to the transaction logs that enable a system have robust recovery and data tracking in the event of unscheduled hardware outages, data corruption, and other problems that can arise in a complex network operating system environment. The Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) lies at the heart of the Active Directory database system. Changes to the Active Directory database on a domain controller (DC) occur through two primary means: an administrator creates, deletes, or updates objects in the database, and replication information, which contains new objects, deletion requests, or changes to existing objects, is received from other DCs. When changes to the database occur, the ESE captures each change as a single unit known as a transaction. A transaction contains the changed data and a set of metadata. The chapter also explains how to troubleshoot Active Directory availability problems.
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