Abstract
DNA and histones are packed together to contain heritable genetic information in the form of chromatin, and while terminal tails generally protrude from the nucleosome core particles, they are susceptible to a host of posttranslational modifications such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, lactylation, biotinylation, and ADP-ribosylation. These modifications per se may lead to a reprogramming of gene transcription. Nutrition, diet, and the metabolic state of the cell trade many interacting factors with covalent histone modifications (through various histone modifying enzymes), and while such an interplay between chromatin and small molecule metabolites may be salient for the genome during organismal growth and development, elucidating various strategies by which chromatin can be manipulated or modified by metabolism and/or diet, may prove important for the complex understanding of the cellular mechanisms aligned to disease. As such, this chapter will evaluate the interplay between dietary and metabolic compounds and the regulation of posttranslational covalent histone modifications.
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