Abstract
This chapter discusses several methods employed for the treatment of sugar and distillery waste. The distillery wastewater, known as spent wash, is characterized by its color, high temperature, low pH, and high ash content; it contains a high percentage of dissolved organic and inorganic matter (7 to 10%), of which 50% may be reducing sugars and 10 to 11% may be proteins. Many distilleries allow their effluents to be used for soil treatment in the form of direct irrigation water, spent wash cake, and spent wash-press mud compost. Generally industries have resorted to a subsequent aerobic digestion or biocomposting. Several methods are commonly employed for the treatment of distillery waste—anaerobic, methanogenic digestion of slops, followed by aerobic digestion; evaporation of slops, followed by aerobic composting using a cellulosic carrier material; and evaporation of slops, followed by incineration of the concentrate, with or without generation of steam, along with gas cleaning. Anaerobic treatment of distillery wastewater has been tried in pilot and full-scale operations. Some of these are hybrid, fixed film, and continuous stirred reactors.
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