Chapter 18 - Hexagonal boron nitride for energy storage and conversion

Abstract

Currently, despite traditionally classified into the inert material category, boron nitride (BN) is being explored for its thermal and electrochemical properties to apply in the energy conversion and storage field. Emerging preparation techniques, especially those based on the innovative physical and chemical surface modification, enable the potential applications of BN-based materials for the energy and environment problem solution. Furthermore, the functionalized two-dimensional (2D) BN exhibit excellent characteristics (e.g., controllable surface chemistry, adjustable band gap, and high porosity), which enable a broad range of energy-related applications. Additionally, the excellent chemical stability and thermal controllability of hexagonal BN (h-BN) are optimum advantages to maintain catalytic reactions of an effective carrier. Developing the novel electrochemical and electrocatalytic characteristics of BN is expected to make the next leap forward for upgrading the energy storage and conversion devices. The 2D h-BN nanostructure with large surface area assists hydrogen storage and electrocatalytic reactions by providing more active centers than bulk BN materials. Under limited conditions at present, interface and defect engineering alters the electronic structure of h-BN and improves its adsorption on the underlying metal support, which provides interesting electrochemical catalytic properties for the BN-based composite. The precise control of the dopant and functional group in a h-BN atomic composition further offers a possible approach to design new energy storage and conversion materials. The review systematically summarizes various energy storage and conversion technologies based on the integration of BN nanomaterials from the viewpoint of materials fabrication, theoretical simulation, and real-world applications. Meanwhile, the challenges and the chances to develop novel BN-based composites in the future are predicted.