Abstract
The production of value-added products from renewable sources is a promising option for the replacement of fossil-based ones, mostly due to the limited availability and variable prices of fossil resources as well as the consciousness for the promotion of processes with reduced environmental impacts. In this context, special attention is paid on both lignocellulosic biomass and agro-food by-products since they are underutilized renewable resources and available in abundance, representing potential feedstocks for energy, fuels, and chemical production within the framework of a biorefinery. One potential alternative for the exploitation of lignocellulosic biomass relies on the production of nondigestible oligosaccharides as prebiotic functional food ingredients. The objective of this chapter is to evaluate the environmental impacts of the valorization of two types of waste biomass (i.e., sugar beet pulp and woody chips) for the production of saccharides streams (pectin-derived oligosaccharides and polymeric or oligomeric saccharides derived from hemicelluloses) with manifold applications in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.
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