Abstract
We reviewed studies on biology of blood–brain tumor barrier (BTB) permeability regulation in brain tumors. Recent developments in molecular imaging probes using nanotechnology for functional imaging should improve the efficacy of targeted treatment of brain tumors. We reviewed studies of leading researchers who have identified and developed nanomedicines and nanoimaging agents. They have combined specialized molecules and nanospheres to carry pay load of anticancer or imaging agents across the blood–brain barrier or BTB brain tumors. Unique biomarkers on BTB for increased imaging agents’ and anticancer drug delivery to brain tumors were discussed. For instance, we targeted calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) for enhanced delivery of antineoplastic drugs and imaging agents. We also discussed nanomedicines and multimeric molecular imaging strategies, including development of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors ligand-PK11195 for better metastatic brain tumor detection. Such agents with flurophores or therapeutics encapsulated in nanospheres are useful in detection of brain tumors, treatment, and monitoring.
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