Abstract
More than 100 types of autoimmune disorders have been identified so far, and most of them are usually chronic in nature. Multiple agents are known to have a role in causing autoimmunity, including genetic, epigenetic, immunologic, hormonal, and environmental factors. The available therapies for autoimmune disorders are associated with low efficacy, unfavorable safety profile, and high cost; thus there is always a need for a better drug in this respect. Epigenetics has been a novel target for drug discovery since the past few years. Altering expression of noncoding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modifications are prime targets for epigenetic drug development. Drugs with epigenetic targets are already in widespread use. Natural and synthetic compounds have been extensively studied for their ability to regulate epigenetics as their therapeutic targets, and they could be ideal sources for the development of epigenetic drugs in the future for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. This chapter focuses on the translational evidence for the role of histone modifications in disease prevention and treatment.
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