Abstract
Bullying is a relationship problem that occurs in school environments, as well as in youth sports. Experiencing bullying negatively impacts youths’ engagement in sports and their well-being. Characteristics of sports contexts may perpetuate bullying dynamics and normalize peer aggression, such as athlete characteristics, interpersonal relationships, and sports-specific factors. Peer aggression may be particularly problematic in competitive youth sports environments where harmful, aggressive behaviors toward peers may be rewarded and modelled by parents and coaches. Hazing is a form of bullying that occurs in sports. Similar to bullying, hazing is marked by a power imbalance, causes harm to others, and is repeated over time as a rite of passage. Promoting healthy relationships in sports settings is crucial to ensure safe environments for all athletes. Preventing bullying in sports requires a social-ecological framework that involves athletes, adult leaders, parents, and sports organizations working together to foster safe and caring sports climate.
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