Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen drastically worldwide over the past few decades, leading to escalating costs of healthcare. Owing to multifactorial nature of both diseases, their pathophysiology is not completely understood; however, accumulating evidence indicates that changes in gut microbial composition and function are linked to their development. Therefore effective treatment options for gut microbial alterations are continually being investigated. Among them, plant-derived natural compounds, including resveratrol [trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene, resveratrol (RSV)], have gained considerable attention in last few years, owing to their countless health-related potential for therapeutic interventions. RSV is known to exert, among others, antiobesity and antidiabetic effects through its antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties and to target several dysregulated metabolic pathways. Although the precise mechanisms underlying the biological actions of RSV are still not completely understood, the impact of RSV on the gut microbial community to maintain metabolic homeostasis has been recently proposed as a promising approach in preventing and treating obesity and related metabolic disorders, including T2DM. In this chapter we summarize the recent progress made in elucidating the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of RSV in the context of its effect on modulation of the gut microbiota.
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