Abstract

Nanotechnology has led to various breakthroughs in the field of science and technology. One such inimitable innovation is the development of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which hold remarkable mechanical, electrical, and optical properties suitable for biomedical applications. The structure of the CNTs can be modified or functionalized by conjugating organic or inorganic materials, and this has gained a lot of attention among researchers who are working in the field of cancer detection and therapy. The CNTs, especially one-dimensional semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), show fluorescence emission in the near-infrared spectral region and hold robust resonance Raman’s scattering suitable for bioimaging and biosensing applications in biomedical sectors. When coupled with metal nanoparticles, CNTs serve as contrast agents for multimodal imaging in basic research and animal/clinical diagnostic applications. This chapter will give a deep insight into the recent developments in disease diagnosis using both SWCNTs and multiwalled CNTs.

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