Chapter 13 - Hepatic and bile duct cancers

Abstract

Hepatic and bile duct cancers are one of the deadliest cancers, and their incidence rate and mortality rate are rising in recent years. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are two different entities with diverse but distinct epidemiological risk factors. Here we reviewed in details of the complex genomic landscape of HCC and BTCs, including main driver mutations, mutational signatures, and integrative molecular classifications. Furthermore, we discussed the clinical applications of genomics for hepatic and bile duct cancers, particularly its impact on prognosis, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Major clinical trials of molecularly targeted therapy for HCC and BTCs are reviewed and summarized. Further understanding on the genomics of hepatic and bile duct cancers is crucial in guiding biomarker-directed treatment and advancing personalized treatment.