Abstract
Vanadium slag is a product of devanadium and enrichment of V-containing molten iron. Ordinary vanadium slag is generally gray-black, with a density of 3.7–3.8g/cm3. V-containing converter slag has a loose atypical structure, which is composed of fine-grained cementing products with metallic iron particles. The oxide phases are olivine, pyroxene, and spinel minerals. Around 30% of the vanadium exists as vanadium spinel minerals (Fe, Mn, Mg)O·(V, Fe, Al, Cr)O3, and enriched in 30% of Mn and 30% of Fe. MgO is uniformly distributed in the slag between silicate and vanadium spinel phases. Vanadium is extracted from different sources of molten iron using various processing equipment, resulting in different grades of vanadium slag, where the vanadium pentoxide content varies between 5% and 25%.
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